Economics Assignment Class 9
Q.1 What was the main reason behind the growth of three different crops in a year in Palampur?
Ans. The main reason was the well-developed system of irrigation.
Q. 2. What was the impact of electricity on the system of irrigation?
Ans. Earlier in Palampur Persian wheels were used by farmers to draw water from the wells and irrigate small fields. People saw that the electric run tubewells could irrigate a much larger area of land more effectively.
Q.3 What does ‘multiple cropping’ mean?
Ans. To grow more than one crop on a piece of land during the year is known as multiple cropping.
Q.4 What is the benefit of multiple cropping?
Ans. It is the most common way of increasing production on a given piece of land.
Q.5 What does ‘yield’ mean?
Ans. Yield is measured as a crop produced on a given piece of land during a single season.
Q.6 How did Green Revolution benefit the Indian farmer?
Ans. The Green Revolution in the late 1960s introduced the Indian farmer to a high-yielding variety of seeds to produce a much greater amount of grain on a single plant.
Q.7 How were higher yields of wheat and rice were possible?
Ans. Higher yields were possible only from a combination of HYV seeds, irrigation, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, etc.
Q.8 Which mechanical devices were used after Green Revolution?
Ans. The farmers have set up tubewells for irrigation and made use of farm machinery like tractors and threshers, which made ploughing and harvesting faster.
Q.9 How was land resource affected by modern farming methods?
Ans. Land being a natural resource, it is necessary to be very careful in its use. Scientific reports indicate that modern farming methods have overused the natural resource base.
Q.10 How do chemical fertilizers affect the soil?
Ans. Chemical fertilizers provide minerals which dissolve in water and are immediately available to plants. But these may not be retained in the soil for long. They may escape from the soil and pollute groundwater, rivers, and lakes.
Q.11 Who are the farm labourers working for medium and large farmers?
Ans. Farm labourers come either from landless families or families cultivating small plots of land. Unlike farmers, farm labourers do not have a right over the crops grown on the land, they are paid wages by the farmer.
Q.12 How do farm labourers get wages in Palampur?
Ans. Wages can be in cash or kind (crop). Sometimes labourers get meals also. Wages vary widely from crop to crop, from one farm activity to another.
Q.13 What kind of transportation is used for connecting Palampur to these neighboring villages and towns?
Ans. Bullock carts, tongas, wooden motorcycles, tractors, and trucks.
Q.14 How many families live in Palampur?
Ans. About 450 families belonging several to several different castes live in Palampur.
Q.15 What was the status of upper-caste families of Palampur?
Ans. The 80 upper-caste families own the majority of land in Palampur. Their houses, some of them quite large, are made of brick with cement plastering.
Q.16 What was the status of SC’s or Dalits in Palampur?
Ans. The SC’s comprise one-third of the population and live in one corner of the village and in much smaller houses some of which are of mud and straw.
Q.17 What was the benefit of electricity in Palampur?
Ans. Most of the houses have electric connections. Electricity powers all the
tubewells in the fields and is also used in various types of small businesses.
Q.18 What about the health and education status of the village of Palampur?
Ans. Palampur has two primary schools and one high school. There is a primary health center run by the government and one private dispensary where the sick are treated.
Q.19 What is the first and foremost requirement for the production of goods and services?
Ans. The foremost requirement is land and other natural resources such as water, forests, minerals, etc.
Q.20 What kind of labour is needed for the production of goods and services?
Ans. Some production activities require educated workers to perform the necessary tasks. Other activities require workers who can do manual work.
Q.21 What is fixed capital?
Ans. Tools and machines range from very simple tools such as farmer’s plough to sophisticated machines such as generators, turbines, computers, etc. They can be used in production over many years and are called fixed capital.
Q.22 What is called ‘Working Capital?
Ans. Production requires a variety of raw materials and some money during production to make payments and buy other necessary items. These are included in the ‘Working Capital’.
Q.23 What does ‘Human Capital’ mean?
Ans. We need knowledge and enterprise to be able to put together land, labour, and physical capital and produce an output either to use yourself or to sell in the market. This is called ‘Human Capital.’
Q.24. Which are the four main factors of production?
Ans. Land, labor, physical capital, and human capital.
Q.25 Which Kharif and Rabi crops are grown in Palampur?
Ans. The kharif crops are jawar and bajara and rabi crops are wheat and sugarcane. Potatoes are grown in between these two seasons.
